Specialized in atmospheric physics and storm cloud dynamics. Member of the Shield-Cloud research team, with over 12 years of experience in synoptic observations and numerical modeling.
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The evolution of a Cumulonimbus convective system from formation to dissipation, observed over the sky of the Romanian Plain.
Direct solar radiation hits the clay soil, the surface temperature rises to 42°C. Warm and humid air begins to rise in the form of thermals, generating the first condensation nuclei at an altitude of 800 m.
Water vapor condenses around dust and pollen particles, giving rise to a compact layer of Cumulus congestus. The updraft reaches 6 m/s, and the cloud base stabilizes at an altitude of 1,200 m.
Latent heat released through condensation accelerates the ascent. The cloud pierces the freezing level at 3,500 m, and ice crystals begin to form in its upper part. The structure takes on an anvil shape, and the top reaches 9,800 m.
The upper part of the cloud, composed of ice crystals, reflects up to 78% of incoming solar radiation. Under the shadow of the Cumulonimbus, the ground temperature drops by 9°C compared to surrounding areas. The local cooling effect is measurable within a radius of 4 km.
The updraft can no longer support the weight of ice crystals and large water droplets. Torrential rain hits the ground, and the friction of ice particles generates electrical potential differences exceeding 100 MV. The first lightning strikes are recorded.
The cold downdraft takes over, the cloud loses its organized structure. The remaining vapor evaporates, and the air temperature at ground level remains 4°C below the pre-storm value. The cycle ends, leaving behind a clear sky and cool air.
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